[1]程谦恭,王玉峰,朱圻,等.高速远程滑坡超前冲击气浪动力学机理[J].山地学报,2011,(01):70.
　CHENG Qiangong,WANG Yufeng,ZHU Qi,et al.Dynamics of the Airblasts Generated by Rock Avalanches[J].Mountain Research,2011,(01):70.
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高速远程滑坡超前冲击气浪动力学机理()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2011年01期
页码:
70
栏目:
山地学报
出版日期:
2011-01-01

文章信息/Info

Title:
Dynamics of the Airblasts Generated by Rock Avalanches
作者:
程谦恭;王玉峰;朱圻;王宏丹;
西南交通大学地质工程系，四川 成都 610031
Author(s):
CHENG Qiangong; WANG Yufeng; ZHU Qi; WANG Hongdan
Department of Geological Engineering，Southwest Jiaotong University， Chengdu 610031,China
关键词:
冲击气浪; 动力学; 碎屑流; 数值模拟
Keywords:
airblast;  dynamics;  rock avalanche;  numerical simulation
分类号:
P64222
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
超前冲击气浪是高速滑体运动过程中强烈推挤压缩周围的空气所产生。它具有强大的破坏能力,在运动路径上,对滑体前方的建筑物及人民生命财产常造成毁灭性灾难。以典型高速滑坡为原型,运用空气动力学理论,采用计算流体力学软件,建立了二维粘性、不可压缩、定常流模型,再现仿真了高速滑坡超前冲击气浪产生流场的特征,分析了其形成的动力学机理。结果表明:滑坡高速下滑中产生的超前冲击气浪压力与滑体的形态密切相关。滑体前部、尾部壁面倾角越大,滑坡外流场冲击气压越大。直立壁面滑坡体在前方500 m以内产生的冲击气浪压力相当于11～12级风力的破坏能力;翼型滑坡体产生的气浪压力最小,前方100 m以外对建筑物的破坏能力已较小...
Abstract:
Rock avalanches are commonly preceded by a strong blast of air. As a result of the huge volumes of material involved and long distances traveled, the major threat of rock avalanche to lives, properties and environment comes from its preceding airblast being capable of exerting enormous impacts on objects in the runout path. It lifts roofs off houses or buildings, breaks off trees and bowls them ahead of it, scours soil and colluvium, hurls rocks and wood splinters through the air, spatters mud up trees and rolls people along the ground or lifts them high in the air as the autumn wind whirls fallen leaves. This preceding blast of wind acted powerfully only in the direction in which the rock masses shot forward, but that laterally it was entirely insignificant, so the substantial damage caused by a rock avalanche is often beyond the limits of distal debris; besides, its velocity was so great in the track that as it shot out from ahead of the displaced mass detached from the slope, a powerful airblast can carry blocks of rock to cross the narrow valley and impact the opposite slope with subsequent upstream and downstream surging and run up, fall back, and finally run back up the source slope before coming to rest. In mechanism, the airblast was attributed to air pressure rise in front of a fastmoving avalanche, and its movement can be described by the model of viscous, incompressible, steady flow of aerodynamics theory. So three models of the slide bodies on slip surface with different shapes are established and the characteristics of flow field surrounding the bodies are simulated by the software for numerical hydrodynamics, Computational Fluid Dynamics. It is showed that the airblast is controlled remarkably by the shape of slide body, the larger obliquity of walls of leading edge and rear edge of slide body, the greater of the airblast pressure. Within 500 m in front of the slide body with leading edge of vertical wall, the intensity of devastating airblast pressure is equivalent to 11～12 wind pressure; whereas the airblast caused by the slide body with leading edge of wingtype is minimum, which is equivalent to 6 wind pressure in the 100 m away from leading edge of slide body. Accordingly the potential devastated region and intensity of the airblast can be ascertained, which provides an important base for the hazard assessment of airblast.

相似文献/References:

[1]程谦恭,张倬元,黄润秋,等.高速远程崩滑动力学的研究现状及发展趋势[J].山地学报,2007,(01):72.
[2]杨威,周卫军,胡文敏,等.茶树根际土壤磷吸附动力学研究[J].山地学报,2015,(01):25.
　YANG Wei,ZHOU Weijun,BAO Chunhong,et al.Kinetics Study on Phosphorus Adsorption of Rhizosphere Soils in Tea Garden[J].Mountain Research,2015,(01):25.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date)：2010-08-10；改回日期(Accepted) : 2010-10-31。
基金项目（Foundation item）：国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）（2008CB425801）、国家自然科学基金（40172093）。\[National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program) No.2008CB425801(2008～2010); National Nature Science Foundation(No.40172093).\]
作者简介（Biography）：程谦恭（1962-），男，甘肃静宁人，博士，教授，博导，主要从事高速崩滑动力学机理的研究。\[Cheng Qiangong(1962-), male, professor, engaged in the research of dynamics of rock avalanches.\]E-mail:chengqiangong@home.swjtu.edu
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01