[1]丁智强,高 璇,李玉辉*,等.石林县域洼地特征与资源环境效应[J].山地学报,2019,(03):316-327.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000425]
　DING Zhiqiang,GAO Xuan,LI Yuhui*,et al.Regional Characteristics and Resource-Environmental Effects of Karst Depressions in Shilin County, China[J].Mountain Research,2019,(03):316-327.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000425]
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石林县域洼地特征与资源环境效应()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2019年03期
页码:
316-327
栏目:
山地环境
出版日期:
2019-07-20

文章信息/Info

Title:
Regional Characteristics and Resource-Environmental Effects of Karst Depressions in Shilin County, China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2019)3-316-12
作者:
丁智强1; 高 璇1; 李玉辉1*; 俞筱押1; 2
1.云南师范大学 旅游与地理科学学院,昆明 650500; 2.黔南民族师范学院 旅游与资源环境学院,贵州 都匀 558000
Author(s):
DING Zhiqiang1;  GAO Xuan1;  LI Yuhui1*;  YU Xiaoya1; 2
1.School of Tourism and Geographical Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China. 2. School of Tourism and Resource Environment, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun 558000, Guizhou, China
关键词:
“3S”技术;  洼地形态参数;  喀斯特水文结构;  石漠化治理;  石林
Keywords:
“3S” technology;  morphological parameters of depressions;  karst hydrological structure;  rocky desertification control;  Shilin County
分类号:
P931.5
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000425
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
地貌类型的结构多样性和生态系统各要素耦合的复杂性,使得喀斯特人地关系地域系统中出现水土流失、石漠化、贫困等各种特殊的生态环境和社会问题。洼地是喀斯特地形分化的元地形,对其研究有助于从地貌动力学视角深化对喀斯特地区资源环境要素的认识。本文将基于ASTER-GDEM地形数据的GIS、RS空间分析与野外地质地貌调查成果相融合,研究石林县域洼地形态特征与空间格局,揭示洼地发育的资源环境效应。结果表明:(1)石林县域洼地8597个,总面积269.45 km2,占县域面积的15.16%,洼地平均面积3.13±6.83 hm2,深度15.8±11.2 m,坡度7.42±2.68°,长轴长度237±227 m,圆度指数1.26±0.28,频率分布呈左偏特征,洼地点蚀指数为6.14,显示区域地貌发育处于不成熟的初始分化状态。(2)石林县域洼地为显著聚集分布模式,按密度范围可分为高密度(>6个/km2)、中密度(5～6个/km2)和低密度(<5个/km2)三个区域。(3)洼地高低密度的差异性空间分布与泉眼、暗河、地下水系统流向等具有高度空间相关性,表现为地下水往往从高密度区向低密度区流动,暗河的源头区分布于高密度区,泉眼等地下水排泄通道位于低密度区; 植被覆盖度和石漠化强度等资源环境指标的分布在不同密度洼地区具有显著差异性,表现为随着洼地密度的增加,区域内低植被覆盖度和高等级石漠化强度的面积逐渐增加。洼地作为降雨汇聚成地表径流转入地下暗河的有利地形,其空间格局是区域水土资源流失/漏失的关键性空间格局,高密度洼地区是水土保持与石漠化治理的重要区域,这种认识为喀斯特地区资源环境规划及管理提供了地貌学理论与技术基础。
Abstract:
The diversity of landform types and the coupling complexity of ecosystem elements significantly contribute to distinctive environmental and social problems in karst human-land system, such as soil erosion, rocky desertification and poverty. The karst depression, an initial unit of karst topographic differentiation, play active role in the understanding of resources and environment in karst region in the perspective of geomorphic dynamics. In this paper, the ASTER-GDEM topographic data of Shilin County(China)was analyzed to study the morphological characteristics, spatial pattern, geomorphologic development and resource-environmental effects of depressions by using spatial analysis in Geographical Information System(GIS)and Remote Sensing(RS)with geological and geomorphological surveys. The results were the followings:(1)there were 8597 karst depressions with a total area of 269.45 km2, accounting for 15.16% of the county area. The basic geomorphic features of the individual depression were 3.13±6.83 hm2 in mean area, 15.8±11.2 m in mean depth, 7.42°±2.68° in mean slope, and 237±227 m in mean length of long axis with the roundness index of 1.26±0.28. The frequency shapes of the depressions' geomorphic parameters were characteristic of the peak skewed to the left; and the point-erosion index was 6.14, indicating that the geomorphological development of the Shilin County was in the initial and immature differentiation stage.(2)The spatial distribution pattern of the depressions in Shilin County showed significant aggregation that three levels of depression density existed, respectively being the high density depression area with over 6 depressions per km2, the middle density depression area with 5～6 depressions per km2 and the low density depression area with less 5 depressions per km2.(3)The spatial feature of depression density was highly correlated with the flow direction of springs, underground rivers, and groundwater. Namely, the springs, as the groundwater drainages, were located in the low-density areas, while the water source areas of the underground rivers were in the high-density areas, and the outlets of the groundwater rivers basically were in the low-density areas. Meanwhile, the vegetation coverage was negatively related to the depression density and the rocky desertification grades were positively related with the depression density in terms of their spatial distribution. The results gave the fact that the depressions, as a favorable topography for surface runoff transferring into underground river, were the key sites of loss and leakage of the regional water and soil, and the high-density area was critical to water and soil conservation and rocky desertification control. Therefore, the results support that geomorphological study of the key landforms could play role in karst resource and environment planning and management.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2018-7-16; 改回日期(Accepted date):2018-11-25
基金项目(Foundation item):国家自然科学基金项目(41262013; 41371514); 云南师范大学研究生科研创新基金项目(yjs2018114)。 [National Natural Science Foundation of China(41262013; 41371514); Graduate Project of Research Innovation Foundation of Yunnan Normal University(yjs2018114)]
作者简介(Biography):丁智强(1993-),男,云南禄劝人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:喀斯特地貌演化与资源环境效应。[DING Zhiqiang(1993-), male, born in Luquan, Yunnan province. M.Sc. candidate, research on geomorphological evolution of karst and its resource-environmental effects] E-mail: zhiqiang_ding9303@163.com.
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):李玉辉(1957-),男,教授,主要研究方向:喀斯特资源环境和生态恢复。[LI Yuhui(1957-), male, professor, specialized in environment and ecological restoration of karst resources] E-mail: lyh123zhang@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-05-30