[1]张 威,王宁练*,李 想,等.近20a西喀喇昆仑地区吉尔吉特河流域冰川面积变化及其对气候变化的响应[J].山地学报,2019,(03):347-358.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000428]
　ZHANG Wei,WANG Ninglian*,LI Xiang,et al.Glacier Changes and Its Response to Climate Change in the Gilgit River Basin, Western Karakorum Mountains over the Past 20 Years[J].Mountain Research,2019,(03):347-358.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000428]
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近20a西喀喇昆仑地区吉尔吉特河流域冰川面积变化及其对气候变化的响应()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2019年03期
页码:
347-358
栏目:
山地环境
出版日期:
2019-07-20

文章信息/Info

Title:
Glacier Changes and Its Response to Climate Change in the Gilgit River Basin, Western Karakorum Mountains over the Past 20 Years
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2019)3-347-12
作者:
张 威1; 2; 王宁练1; 2; 3*; 李 想1; 2; 刘 凯1; 2
1.西北大学 陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室,西安 710127; 2.西北大学 城市与环境学院地表系统与灾害研究院,西安 710127; 3.中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心,北京 100101
Author(s):
ZHANG Wei1; 2;  WANG Ninglian1; 2; 3*;  LI Xiang1; 2;  LIU Kai1; 2
1.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China；2.Institute of Earth Surface System and Hazards, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China；3.CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
关键词:
冰川;  吉尔吉特河流域;  气候变化;  遥感
Keywords:
Glacier;  Gilgit River Basin;  Climate Change;  Remote Sensing
分类号:
P343.6
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000428
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
冰川被誉为“固态水库”,对区域生态环境和发展至关重要。喀喇昆仑山地区的冰川出现了退缩停滞乃至前进的现象,被称为“喀喇昆仑异常”。为探明西喀喇昆仑地区吉尔吉特河(Gilgit River)流域的冰川面积变化及其影响因素,本文基于1993、2000、2016年三个时期的多景LandsatTM/ETM+/OLI遥感数据,通过目视解译法提取三期冰川边界。结果表明:(1)1993-2016年,吉尔吉特河流域冰川面积共萎缩了45.82±9.07 km2,约占1993年冰川总面积的4.07±0.80%。其中,1993-2000年冰川面积的年均萎缩率为0.19±0.02%,2000-2016年冰川面积的年均萎缩率为0.17±0.03%,即近15a来研究区冰川面积萎缩呈微弱的减缓趋势。(2)1993-2016年研究区内共有12条冰川发生过前进现象,其中G073768E36822N(冰川编码)冰川发生了较为快速的前进,在1996-1999年末端前进了477 m,前进速率为159 m·a-1。(3)近40 a来,吉尔吉特河流域的气温呈持续上升趋势,降水呈先减少后增加趋势。气温升高是研究区冰川退缩的主要原因,降水的增加缓解了因升温而导致的冰川面积萎缩。
Abstract:
Glacier is one of the most important freshwater repositories on the earth surface. Contrary to other regions of Tibetan Plateau, glaciers on the Karakoram Mountains were found to show a slow retreat or even advancement, which was often called as “Karakoram anomaly”. Based on the Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI remote sensing data of 1993, 2000 and 2016, the glacier boundaries within the Gilgit River Basin over the western part of Karakorum can be delimited for three stages by means of visual interpretation. The results showed that:(1)From 1993 to 2016, the glacier area in the Gilgit River Basin had shrunk by almost 45.82±9.07 km2, which accounted for 4.07±0.80% of the total area of glaciers in 1993. Among them, average annual shrinkage rate of glacier area during the period from 1993 to 2000 was 0.19±0.02%, and the figure from 2000 to 2016 was 0.17±0.03%, which indicates that the glacier shrinkage in the study area showed a slight slowing trend in the past 15 years.(2)From 1993 to 2016, the average atrophy rate of glaciers with an area of <0.1 km2 was as high as 12.12%, while that of glaciers with an area of >10.0 km2 was only 0.38%. Although glaciers in the Gilgit River Basin were generally in a state of shrinkage, the shrinkage rate tended to be related with their orientations: glaciers facing northeastward suffered from the largest shrinkage, while those facing westward had the smallest shrinkage rate.(3)In the study area, 12 glaciers showed advancement between 1993 and 2016, among which, the glacier coded G073768E36822N had the largest advancing rate, as its glacier terminus had advanced by 477 m from 1996 to 1999 with an advancing rate of 159 m·a-1.(4)In the past 40 years, there was increasing trends in temperature over the Gilgit River Basin, while the precipitation had decreased first and then increased. Our analyses show that the rising temperature is the main cause of glacier shrinkage, while the increase in precipitation compensates for the glacier loss due to warming.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2018-12-26; 改回日期(Accepted data):2019-04-09
基金项目(Foundation item):中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA19070302); 中国科学院“一带一路”科技合作专项(131C11KYSB20160061)。 [“Strategic Priority Research Program” of CAS(XDA19070302); “Belt & Road” Partnership Program of CAS(131C11KYSB20160061)]
作者简介(Biography):张威(1995-),男,山东菏泽人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:冰川与气候变化。[ZHANG Wei(1995-), male, born in Heze, Shandong province, M.Sc. candidate, research on glacier and climate change] E-mail:zhangwei1995@stumail.nwu.edu.cn
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):王宁练(1966-),男,博士,教授,研究方向:冰冻圈与全球变化。[WANG Ninglian(1966-), male, Ph.D., professor, research on cryosphere and global change] E-mail: nlwang@nwu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-05-30