[1]贾子玉,周政旭*.基于三维量化与因子聚类方法的山地传统聚落形态分类:以黔东南苗族聚落为例[J].山地学报,2019,(03):424-437.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000435]
 JIA Ziyu,ZHOU Zhengxu*.A Morphology Study on Traditional Mountain Settlements Based on 3D Quantitative Methods and Factor-Cluster Analysis: A Case of Miao Settelements in Southwest Guizhou, China[J].Mountain Research,2019,(03):424-437.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000435]
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基于三维量化与因子聚类方法的山地传统聚落形态分类:以黔东南苗族聚落为例()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2019年03期
页码:
424-437
栏目:
山区发展
出版日期:
2019-07-20

文章信息/Info

Title:
A Morphology Study on Traditional Mountain Settlements Based on 3D Quantitative Methods and Factor-Cluster Analysis: A Case of Miao Settelements in Southwest Guizhou, China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2019)3-424-14
作者:
贾子玉1周政旭2*
1.北京林业大学 园林学院,北京 100084; 2.清华大学 建筑学院,北京 100084
Author(s):
JIA Ziyu1 ZHOU Zhengxu2*
1. School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; 2. School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100083, China
关键词:
山地聚落 三维形态 量化指标 因子与聚类分析 形态类型
Keywords:
mountain settlements 3D form quantitative indexes factor-cluster analysis morphology type
分类号:
TU982.29
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000435
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
传统聚落空间形态是聚落地域性景观与文脉价值的集中载体,对其形态的保护与延续是乡村聚落规划设计的重要原则与策略。其中,山地传统聚落因所处地形复杂而具有区别于平原聚落的突出的竖向形态特征,但当前研究普遍缺少针对聚落三维形态的综合量化方法。本文在已有的聚落二维平面空间形态研究基础上,创新性引入竖向空间和建筑混乱度两方面指标,构建山地传统聚落三维形态量化指标体系,以黔东南苗族山地传统聚落为例,运用因子分析和聚类分析方法研究苗族聚落形态特征与类型。主要结论如下:(1)因子聚类将聚落形态指标综合提取为三维空间因子、规模形态因子、空间结构因子三大主要因子;(2)聚类分析实现了对所涉及苗族聚落形态的有效划分;(3)在此基础上,本文结合自然环境等其他质性因素,将苗族聚落形态划分为深谷山腰型松散指状聚落、缓坡型松散团带状聚落、平坡型致密团状聚落、复合地形松散指状聚落4种典型类型,并进一步解释了不同类型聚落形态的异同与生成逻辑,实现了对苗族聚落三维形态的科学表征与分类。这一方法科学有效地揭示了山地聚落形态的三维本质特征,对未来聚落形态规划与分类保护提供了有益的量化导引。
Abstract:
Traditional forms of settlements incorporate profound values of regional landscape and cultural context. The protection and continuation of these forms is a principle strategy behind the planning and design for rural settlements. Unlike settlements in plains, traditional mountain settlements have prominent, three-dimensional(3D), morphological features due to their complex topography. However, current research lacks comprehensive, quantitative methods of 3D morphology analysis of mountain settlements. Based on the attributes of horizontal space, vertical space, and building perplexity, this paper established a 3D morphological quantification and classification methodology for mountainous settlements. Considering a set of traditional Miao settlements in Southeast Guizhou province as an example, this paper achieved a scientific division of various settlement forms using factor-cluster analysis. The main findings can be summarized as follows:(1)Factor clustering elicited the settlement's morphological index using three main factors: 3D factor, scale factor, and structure factor.(2)Cluster analysis achieved effective division of the settlement forms.(3)Additionally, the 3D structures of Miao settlements are categorized as follows: star-shaped settlements of low density on the deep valleys of the hillside, round and stripe-shaped settlements of low density on the gentle slopes of the hillside, circular-shaped settlements of high density on flatlands, and the star-shaped settlements of low density on compound terrains. Furthermore, the result explained the difference and similarities, as well as the logic for the generation of different types of Miao settlements. Scientifically and effectively, this method revealed the essential characteristics of mountain settlement forms, and provided quantitative guidance for settlement planning and protection classification.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2019-01-07; 改回日期(Accepted date):2019-06-05
基金项目(Foundation item):国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1100303); 清华大学中国新型城镇化研究院开放基金项目(TUCSU-K-17024-01)。[National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1100303); Special Fund of Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization of Tsinghua University(TUCSU-K-17024-01)]
作者简介(Biography):贾子玉(1994- ),女,北京人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:聚落景观研究。[JIA Ziyu(1994-),female,born in Beijing,M.Sc candidate, research on traditional rural settlement landscape]E-mail: jiaziyu1994@163.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):周政旭(1984- ),男,博士,助理教授,主要研究方向:聚落与乡村。[ZHOU Zhengxu(1984-), male, Ph.D., assistant professor, specialized in settlements and rural study] E-mail:zhouzhengxu@tsinghua.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-05-30