[1]孙萍萍,张茂省*,程秀娟,等.黄土高原地质灾害发生规律[J].山地学报,2019,(05):737-746.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000464]
　SUN Pingping,ZHANG Maosheng*,CHENG Xiujuan,et al.On the Regularity of Geological Hazards on the Loess Plateau in China[J].Mountain Research,2019,(05):737-746.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000464]
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黄土高原地质灾害发生规律()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2019年05期
页码:
737-746
栏目:
山地灾害
出版日期:
2019-09-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
On the Regularity of Geological Hazards on the Loess Plateau in China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2019)5-737-10
作者:
孙萍萍1; 2; 张茂省2*; 程秀娟2; 黄玉华2; 薛 强2; 刘 洁2
1.西北大学 大陆动力学国家重点实验室,西安 710069; 2.中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心 自然资源部黄土地质灾害重点实验室,西安 710054
Author(s):
SUN Pingping1; 2 ; ZHANG Maosheng2*; CHENG Xiujuan2;  HUANG Yuhua2;  XUE Qiang2; LIU Jie2
1. State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; 2. Key Laboratory for Geo-hazards in Loess Area, of Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi'an Center of Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710054, China
关键词:
黄土高原;  地质灾害;  滑坡;  发生规律;  斜坡结构
Keywords:
loess plateau;  geohazards;  landslides;  distribution pattern;  slope structure
分类号:
P694~A
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000464
摘要:
我国每年约有30%地质灾害发生在约占国土面积6%黄土高原地区,灾害数量多、危害严重、机理复杂,然而由于对黄土灾害的发生规律仍然不明晰,长期以来制约了区内大型工程建设、移民搬迁选址等工作。依托1:5万黄土高原区地质灾害调查数据,通过专题要素图件编制和数理统计等手段,重点分析11 680处地质灾害,总结了灾害时空分布规律。结果表明,1)在区域地质构造抬升的背景下,黄土高原地形破碎,地貌沟壑纵横,具有滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等地质灾害多发的特点。2)地质灾害具有明显的时空发生规律,在整个黄土高原区域尺度上,地貌演化与斜坡结构控制地质灾害空间分布和斜坡破坏模式; 在流域尺度上,老年期、壮年期、幼年期等沟谷发育期控制着地质灾害变形破坏模式及危害程度; 在具体斜坡点上,坡型、坡度、坡高等坡体几何形态控制地质灾害的类型和失稳概率; 在时间上,降雨及冻融作用控制年内地质灾害的分布。
Abstract:
There are about 30% of the total geological hazards occurring on the Loess plateau of China each year, but they occupy only about 6% of Chinese land area. Although loess geohazard are characterized by diverse types and large occurrences, complicated mechanisms and serious aftermaths, their occurrence regularity are still unclear, which has restricted the construction of large-scale projects, relocation and site selection of immigrants in the region for a long time. In this study, it inspected the catalog data from a report of geohazard survey with the scale of 1:50 000 in the Loess Plateau area, campaigned by China Geological Survey since 2005. 11 680 geological disaster records were scrutinized with reexamination of detailed information. The temporal and spatial distribution of loess geohazards was delineated by statistics analysis and compilations of thematic maps of geohazard survey. The results show that: 1)under the influence of regional tectonic uplift, vertical and horizontal gullies richly developed in broken loess terrain contributed to frequent occurrences of loess geohazard such as landslide, collapse and debris flow. 2)Loess geohazards are characterized by obvious spatio-temporal formation. As viewed from a regional scale of the Loess Plateau, geomorphological evolution and slope structure of loess massif dominated the spatial distribution of loess geohazards and slope failure modes; On the basin scale, the deformation and failure modes of loess slopes, as well as the resulting aftermaths were associated with the evolution phases of loess gullies, such as old-stage, adult-stage and young-stage of a gully; At a given slope site, the morphology of a slope such as geometry, inclination, height, etc. determined the type of loess geohazards and their failure probability; As viewed from time scale, loess geohazards mostly occurred during monsoon, freezing-thawing seasons in a year. This research would provide a scientific insight into loess geohazard regularity in different circumstances.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2019-07-13; 改回日期(Accepted date):2019-09-27
基金项目(Foundation item):国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1504700); 国家自然科学基金项目(41530640); 中国地质调查项目(DD20189270)。[National Key Research Planning Program(2018YFC1504700); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41530640); Project of China Geological Survey(DD20189270)]
作者简介(Biography):孙萍萍(1983-),女,辽宁阜新人,博士生,高级工程师,从事黄土地质灾害调查与研究。[SUN Pingping(1983-), female, born in Fuxin City of Liaoning Province, Ph.D. candidate, senior engineer, specialized in investigation and research on loess landslides] E-mail: sunpingping203@gmail.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-09-30