[1]蒋先刚,刘维明,*,等.基于HEC-RAS模型的雅江中游古高能洪水的模拟研究[J].山地学报,2022,(2):276-288.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000671]
　JIANG Xiangang,LIU Weiming*,WEN Susong,et al.Simulation of Ancient High-Energy Flood in the Middle Reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Based on HEC-RAS Model[J].Mountain Research,2022,(2):276-288.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000671]
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基于HEC-RAS模型的雅江中游古高能洪水的模拟研究
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2022年第2期
页码:
276-288
栏目:
山地灾害
出版日期:
2022-03-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Simulation of Ancient High-Energy Flood in the Middle Reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Based on HEC-RAS Model
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2022)2-276-13
作者:
蒋先刚1; 刘维明2;  3*; 文宿菘1; 吴朝华2
1. 四川农业大学 土木工程学院,四川 都江堰 611830; 2. 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,成都 610041; 3. 中国-巴基斯坦地球科学研究中心,伊斯兰堡 45320,巴基斯坦
Author(s):
JIANG Xiangang1; LIU Weiming2; 3*; WEN Susong1; WU Chaohua2
School of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Dujiangyan 611830, Sichuan, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; 3. China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences, CAS-HEC, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
关键词:
古高能洪水;  HEC-RAS模型;  雅鲁藏布江
Keywords:
ancient high-energy flood;  HEC-RAS model;  the Yarlung Zangbo River
分类号:
TV122
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000671
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
高能洪水是地球上目前已知最大规模的极端洪水事件,其对全球地貌演化、气候变化等有着深刻的影响。高能洪水重建可以提高对极端洪水事件的认识,进一步探索高山峡谷地貌对于极端洪水事件的响应。然而,针对高海拔山区的高能洪水模型应用仍存在一定局限,无法得到高准确度的重建结果。为了研究雅江中游高能洪水规模,本研究在雅鲁藏布江中游宽谷加查—米林河段发现的代表古高能洪水的17个砾石洲/滩的基础上,采用HEC-RAS模型,结合ArcGIS平台下的HEC-Georas模块重建了古高能洪水洪峰流量; 以±35%的变幅对曼宁糙率系数进行了敏感性测试,以保证重建结果的准确性。计算结果表明:(1)17个砾石洲/滩的模拟水位与野外调查所得标志水位能较好吻合,与实测结果相比误差均小于0.1%;(2)雅鲁藏布江中游古高能洪水洪峰水位为3047.09～3373.39 m,洪峰流量为0.2×106～1.8×106 m3/s,且最大淹没水深为366 m;(3)当曼宁系数处于±35%的变幅下时,洪峰水位的误差为-0.36%～0.17%,说明该模型对曼宁糙率系数的敏感性较差,采用此方法能够很好地恢复雅鲁藏布江中游古高能洪水洪峰流量。该研究对于充分认识雅鲁藏布江中游的洪水运动规律有重要作用,对于揭示高能洪水在高山峡谷区的特征及其地貌响应具有重要的现实意义。
Abstract:
High-energy floods are the largest extreme floods on earth and highly relevant to global landform evolution and climate change. The efforts to reconstruct high-energy flood occurrences can improve our understanding of historic extreme flood events and help us further investigate the responses of alpine and valley landforms to the strikes of extreme floods. Unfortunately, the research on the reconstruction of high-energy flood occurrences remains limited. There were less applicability of high-energy flood models to high-altitude mountainous areas, and high-accuracy reconstruction results were not available.In this study, high-energy floods occurred in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, China were reconstructed for estimation of their scales. HEC-RAS model was introduced and HEC-Georas module in ArcGIS platform was used to rebuild the peak flow of ancient high-energy floods based on current 17 gravel islands and shoals located in some wide valleys between the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, which were believed to be relics or records of ancient High-energy floods events. Sensitivity tests were used to ensure the accuracy of reconstruction based on the Manning roughness coefficient with a variation of ±35%.Results conclude:(1)The simulated water levels of the 17 gravel islands and shoals were consistent with the marked water levels obtained from field surveys. The discrepancies with measured results were all less than 0.1%.(2)The peak flow was between 0.2×106～1.8×106 m3/s, and the maximum submerged water depth was 366 m.(3)When Manning coefficient was in the range of ±35%, the error range of the flood peak water level was between -0.36% and 0.17%, indicating that the model was less sensitive to the Manning roughness coefficient, indicated that the proposed method was appropriate to recover the peak flow of ancient high-energy floods in the middle reaches of the Brahmaputra. This research contributes to fully understanding the flood movement in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River and has important practical significance for revealing the characteristics of high-energy floods in the alpine and canyon areas and their geomorphological responses.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2021-04-16; 改回日期(Accepted date): 2022-03-29
基金项目(Foundation item):国家自然科学基金(42071017); 国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(91747207); 国家自然科学基金(41807289); 中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室开放基金(KLMHESP-20-05)。[National Natural Science Foundation of China(42071017); Key Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91747207); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41807289); Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Processes, Chinese Academy of Sciences(KLMHESP-20-05)]
作者简介(Biography):蒋先刚(1987-),男,山东梁山人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向:山地灾害机制及防治。[JIANG Xiangang(1987-), male, born in Liangshan, Shandong province, Ph.D., associate professor, research on the mechanism and prevention of mountain disasters] E-mail: jxgjim@163.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):刘维明(1982-),男,博士,研究员,主要研究方向:古灾害地貌。[LIU Weiming(1982-), male, Ph.D., professor, research on paleo-hazard geomorphology] E-mail: liuwm@imde.ac.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-03-30