[1]王 睿,刘 超*,李 维,等.多重认定下联合国教科文组织名录遗产协同管理探索——以黄山为例[J].山地学报,2022,(5):741-752.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000708]
　WANG Rui,LIU Chao*,LI Wei,et al.Integrated Management of UNESCO Sites under Multiple Designation: A Case Study of Huangshan, China[J].Mountain Research,2022,(5):741-752.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000708]
点击复制

多重认定下联合国教科文组织名录遗产协同管理探索——以黄山为例
分享到：

《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2022年第5期
页码:
741-752
栏目:
山区发展
出版日期:
2022-09-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Integrated Management of UNESCO Sites under Multiple Designation: A Case Study of Huangshan, China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2022)5-741-12
作者:
王 睿1; 刘 超1*; 李 维2; 张绍山3
(1.中国地质大学(武汉)地理与信息工程学院,武汉 430074; 2.黄山风景区管理委员会 规划土地管理处,安徽 黄山 245899; 3.湖北省恩施州生态环境局 建始县环境监测站,湖北 恩施 445000)
Author(s):
WANG Rui1; LIU Chao1*; LI Wei2; ZHANG Shaoshan3
(1. School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; 2. Office of Planning and Land Management, Huangshan Scenic Area Management Committee, Huangshan 245899, Anhui, China; 3. Jianshi County Environmental Monitoring Station, Bureau of Enshi Prefecture, Enshi 445000, Hubei, China)
关键词:
协同管理;  多重认定;  名录遗产;  扎根理论;  黄山
Keywords:
integrated management;  multiple designation;  UNESCO Sites;  grounded theory;  Huangshan
分类号:
K901
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000708
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
同一地域空间被相关部门多次认定,从而同时拥有多个品牌称号,这种现象被称为“多重认定”。各级各类自然保护地空间重叠或交叉已经成为客观存在的普遍现象,健康高效的协同管理是实现多重认定地可持续发展的必由之路。本文以黄山为研究区,运用扎根理论的研究方法,从联合国教科文组织三大名录遗产实际工作层面,探索具体事务的可协作性,得到以下结论:(1)黄山三大名录遗产管理过程中共涉及46项概念性工作事务,按照工作流程及事务属性将其划分为相似性事务、重复性事务和独立性事务;(2)以IUCN绿色名录中国标准为工具,建立名录遗产协同管理体系,包括研究系列化、规划综合化、战略统筹化、监测系统化、展示交互化、信息共享化六大职能;(3)结合事务属性三分法和名录遗产协同管理体系六大职能,实现事务重分类,在此基础上明确每项职能下须完成的事务及人员安排,按照“相似性事务一起做、重复性事务轮流做、独立性事务分头做”的协同模式进行工作,最终实现“事务-岗位”的联动协同。本研究以期提高工作人员的工作质量与劳动效率,为我国自然保护地体系建设助力,为国内外多重认定地提供借鉴。
Abstract:
“Multiple Designation” refers to the phenomenon that one geographical space is designated by different relevant departments for many times and has multiple brands in the same period of time. Overlapping or crossing of various levels and types of natural protected areas has become a common phenomenon, healthy and efficient integrated management is the way to achieve the sustainable development of multiple designated areas. Taking Huangshan of China as the research area, adopting Grounded Theory as the research method, this study explored the cooperativity of specific affairs from the level of practical work of UNESCO Sites. Hence, the following conclusions were obtained:(1)There were 46 conceptual work affairs involved in the management process of Huangshan UNESCO Sites, which could be divided into similar affairs, repetitive affairs and independent affairs, according to the work flow and affairs attributes;(2)The IUCN Green List Standard was used as a tool to establish an integrated management system for Huangshan UNESCO Sites, including six major functions: research serialization, planning integration, strategic planning, monitoring systematization, display interaction, and information sharing;(3)Combining the three divisions of affairs attributes and the six functions of the integrated management system for Huangshan UNESCO Sites, the affairs could be reclassified. On this basis, the tasks and personnel arrangements that must be accomplished under each function were clarified. Under the mode of “doing similar affairs together, doing repetitive affairs in turn and doing independent affairs separately”, the “Affairs-Post” synergy would finally be formed. This research can improve the work quality and labor efficiency of the staff, help the construction of natural reserve system in China, and provide a reference for lots of multiple designated areas at home and abroad.

参考文献/References:

[1] 王连勇, 颜磊,贺小群. 遗产型景区重复指定与国家地质公园统——协同管理机制初探[C]//陈安泽,姜建军,赵逊. 旅游地学与地质公园建设——旅游地学论文集第十六集. 北京:中国林业出版社,2009:95-100. [WANG Lianyong, YAN Lei, HE Xiaoqun. A preliminary investigation on the unified and synergistic management mechanism of heritage type scenic area repeated designation and national geopark [C]// CHEN Anze, JIANG Jianjun, ZHAO Xun. Tourism Geology and Geopark Construction - Proceedings of Tourism Geology XVI. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 2009: 95-100]
[2] 贺小群. 重复指定下五大连池风景区经营管理体制研究[D]. 重庆:西南大学,2011:30-35. [HE Xiaoqun. Research on management system of Wudalianchi Scenic and Historic Interest Area under duplicate designation [D]. Chongqing: Southwest University, 2011: 30-35]
[3] 朱里莹,徐姗,兰思仁. 中国国家级保护地空间分布特征及对国家公园布局建设的启示[J]. 地理研究,2017,36(2):307-320. [ZHU Liying, XU Shan, LAN Siren. Spatial distribution characteristics of national protected areas and the inspirations to national parks in China [J]. Geographical Research, 2017, 36(2): 307-320] DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201702009
[4] TOSHINORI T. A comparative analysis of national networks of international conservation institutions: World Heritage Convention, Ramsar Convention, UNESCO MAB Programme, and Global Geopark Network [J]. Japanese Journal of Ecology, 2016, 66(1): 155-164. DOI: 10.18960/seitai.66.1155
[5] MCLNNES R, ALI M, PRITCHARD D. Ramsar and World Heritage Conventions: Converging towards success [M]. Gland: Ramsar Convention Secretariat, 2017: 8-9.
[6] 王欢欢. 三江并流多种保护区重叠的法律对策[J]. 河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2009,11(2):63-67+92. [WANG Huanhuan. Legal countermeasures of overlapping protected areas in three parallel rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas [J]. Journal of Hohai University(Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2009, 11(2): 63-67+92] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-4970.2009.02.015
[7] WANG Zhaoguo, YUAN Bocong. Harmonizing the branding strategy of World Natural Heritage in China: Visitors' awareness of the multiple brands of Wulingyuan, Zhangjiajie [J]. Geoheritage, 2020, 12(2): 41. DOI:10.1007/s12371-020-00462-7
[8] UNESCO. Huangshan declaration [EB/OL].(2014-05-29)[2022-02-20]. http://www.unesco-hist.org/uploads/2017/File_20171116153857.pdf
[9] UNESCO. Huangshan recommendation [EB/OL].(2016-09-14)[2022-02-20]. http://www.unesco-hist.org/uploads/2017/huangshanrecommendation.pdf
[10] UNESCO. Huangshan consensus [EB/OL].(2018-11-02)[2022-02-20]. http://www.unesco-hist.org/index.php?r=en/article/index&cid=22814
[11] UNESCO. Convention concerning the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage [EB/OL].(1972-11-21)[2022-02-20]. https://whc.unesco.org/archive/convention-en.pdf
[12] UNESCO. Statutes of the international Geoscience and Geoparks Program [EB/OL].(2015-12-14)[2022-02-20]. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000234539
[13] UNESCO. A new roadmap for the Man and the Biosphere(MAB)Program and its world network of Biosphere Reserves [M]. Paris: UNESCO, 2017: 12-16.
[14] MEGERLE H E, PIETSCH D. Consequences of overlapping territories between large scale protection areas and geoparks in Germany: Opportunities and risks for geoheritage and geotourism [J]. Annales de Géographie, 2017(5): 598-624. DOI: 10.3917/ag.717.0598
[15] SCHAAF T, RODRIGUES D C. Harmonising the management of multi-internationally designated areas: Ramsar Sites, World Heritage Sites, Biosphere Reserves and UNESCO Global Geoparks [M]. Gland: IUCN, 2016: 43-65.
[16] IUCN, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Ramsar Convention Secretariat, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Man and Biosphere Programme, Global Geoparks Initiative, Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea. Harmonizing the integrated management systems of areas with multiple international designations [R/OL].(2015-04-28)[2022-02-20]. https://www.iucn.org/backup_iucn/cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/final_report_idas_workshop_jeju.pdf
[17] IUCN. Little sydney summary of discussions protecting nature in Europe [EB/OL].(2016-05-27)[2022-02-20]. https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/Rep-2016-007.pdf
[18] UNESCO. Summary records of the Executive Board at its 200th session [EB/OL].(2016-09-01)[2022-02-20]. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000245703_chi
[19] UNESCO. Summary records of the Executive Board at its 202nd session [EB/OL].(2018-01-17)[2022-02-20]. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000260921?8=null&queryId=9015ac97-e8a3-4bb8-b2ee-e19751212f79
[20] International Academy on UNESCO Designations and Sustainable Development. International Academy on UNESCO Designations and Sustainable Development-2017 final report [R/OL].(2017-08-13)[2022-02-20]. https://www.fondazionesan-tagata.it/wp-content/uploads/International-Academy-2017-1.pdf
[21] UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Report of the World Heritage Centre on its activities and the implementation of the World Heritage Committee's decisions [R/OL].(2018-05-14)[2022-02-20]. https://whc.unesco.org/en/documents/167851
[22] UNESCO Executive Board. Category 2 institutes and centres, proposals for establishment, Part IV: Global Research and Training Centre for Internationally Designated Areas(GCIDA), in Jeju Island, Republic of Korea [EB/OL].(2019-08-27)[2022-02-20]. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000370049
[23] 中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系的指导意见》[EB/OL].(2019-06-26)[2022-02-20]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2019-06/26/content_5403497.htm [Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. General Offices of the CPC Central Committee and The State Council issue guidelines on establishing a system of protected nature areas with National Parks as the main body [EB/OL].(2019-06-26)[2022-02-20]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2019-06/26/content_5403497.htm]
[24] 马童慧,吕偲,雷光春. 中国自然保护地空间重叠分析与保护地体系优化整合对策[J]. 生物多样性,2019,27(7):758-771. [MA Tonghui, LYU Cai, LEI Guangchun. The spatial overlapping analysis for China's natural protected area and countermeasures for the optimization and integration of protected area system [J]. Biodiversity Science, 2019, 27(7): 758-771] DOI:10.17520/biods.2019087
[25] 唐晓岚,马坤,任宇杰. 长江中游流域国家级自然保护地交叉重叠特征及其优化整合研究[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2022,46(3):12-20. [TANG Xiaolan, MA Kun, REN Yujie. Study on overlapping characteristics and optimization of national natural protected areas in the middle Yangtze River basin [J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition), 2022, 46(3): 12-20] DOI: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.2020110003
[26] 张雪,池梦薇,兰思仁,等. 福建省自然保护地边界交叉重叠的格局特征[J]. 风景园林,2021,28(8):106-112. [ZHNAG Xue, CHI Mengwei, LAN Siren, et al. Pattern characteristics of protected areas with overlapping boundaries in Fujian province [J]. Landscape Architecture, 2021, 28(8):106-112] DOI: 10.14085/j.fjyl.2021.08.0106.07
[27] 高吉喜,刘晓曼,周大庆,等. 中国自然保护地整合优化关键问题[J]. 生物多样性,2021,29(3):290-294. [GAO Jixi, LIU Xiaoman, ZHOU Daqing, et al. Some opinions on the integration and optimization of natural protected areas in China [J]. Biodiversity Science, 2021, 29(3): 290-294] DOI:10.17520/biods.2021051
[28] 何帅,郝林华,李衍祥,等. 改革视角下的海岛自然保护地整合优化研究——以长岛为例[J]. 海洋湖沼通报,2021,43(6):154-160. [HE Shuai, HAO Linhua, LI Yanxiang, et al. Researches on the integration and optimization of island natural protected areas from the perspective of reform: A case study of the Changdao Island [J]. Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology, 2021, 43(6): 154-160] DOI: 10.13984/j.cnki.cn37-1141.2021.06.021
[29] 费小冬. 扎根理论研究方法论:要素、研究程序和评判标准[J]. 公共行政评论,2008(3):23-43+197. [FEI Xiaodong. Grounded theory methodology: Tenets, procedures and criteria for evaluation [J]. Journal of Public Administration, 2008(3):23-43+197] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-2486.2008.03.003
[30] IUCN. Terms of reference purpose and objectives IUCN-WCPA World Heritage Network [EB/OL]. [2022-08-09]. https://www.iucn.org/sites/default/files/2022-10/world_heritage_network_tor_2017-2020.pdf
[31] IUCN. IUCN green list of protected and conserved areas: Standard, version 1.1 [M]. Gland: IUCN, 2017: 15-23.
[32] 张琰,刘静,朱春全. 自然保护地绿色名录:内容、进展及为中国自然保护地带来的机遇和挑战[J]. 生物多样性,2015,23(4):437-439. [ZHANG Yan, LIU Jing, ZHU Chunquan. IUCN Green List of Protected Areas: Introduction, progress, opportunities and challenges for protected areas in China [J]. Biodiversity Science, 2015, 23(4):437-439] DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015166
[33] 阙晨曦,黄淑萍,吴晶晶,等. 基于最佳管理标准的自然保护地评估体系构建——IUCN绿色名录标准解读及其指标的探讨[J]. 中国园林,2016,32(2):83-86. [QUE Chenxi, HUANG Shuping, WU Jingjing, et al. Construction of evaluation system of protected area based on best-management standard: Analysis on IUCN Green List Standards and Indicators [J]. Landscape Architecture, 2016, 32(2): 83-86] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6664.2016.02.019

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2022-06-23; 改回日期(Accepted date):2022-08-10
基金项目(Foundation item): 黄山风景区管理委员会研究项目(2021116477)。[Research Project of Huangshan Scenic Area Management Committee(2021116477)]
作者简介(Biography):王睿(1997-),女,陕西西安人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:旅游地理与区域发展。[WANG Rui(1997-), female, born in Xian, Shaanxi province, M.Sc. candidate, research on tourism geography and regional development] E-mail:18220568335@163.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author):刘超(1980-),男,博士,副教授,主要研究方向:旅游地理与区域发展。[LIU Chao(1980-), male, Ph.D., associate professor, research on tourism geography and regional development] E-mail: chauger@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-10-30