[1]毛姈·阿依提看,李 霞*,玉素甫·木沙,等.中天山北坡焚风时空分布特征及预报效果分析[J].山地学报,2022,(6):823-834.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000716]
　AYITKEN Maulen,LI Xia*,MUSA Yusuf,et al.Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Foehn on the North Slope of the Tianshan Mountains of China and Prediction Ability of European Fine Grid Numerical Products[J].Mountain Research,2022,(6):823-834.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000716]
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中天山北坡焚风时空分布特征及预报效果分析()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2022年第6期
页码:
823-834
栏目:
山地环境
出版日期:
2022-11-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Foehn on the North Slope of the Tianshan Mountains of China and Prediction Ability of European Fine Grid Numerical Products
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2022)6-823-12
作者:
毛姈·阿依提看1;  李 霞1*;  玉素甫·木沙2;  李淑婷1;  钟玉婷1
(1.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830002; 2.中国气象局气象干部培训学院 新疆分院, 乌鲁木齐 830002)
Author(s):
AYITKEN Maulen1;  LI Xia1*;  MUSA Yusuf2;  LI Shuting1;  ZHONG Yuting1
(1.Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, China; 2. Xinjiang Branch, China Meteorological Administration Training Centre,Urumqi 830002, China)
关键词:
中天山北坡;  焚风;  时空分布;  欧洲细网格数值预报产品;  预报检验
Keywords:
the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains;  foehn;  temporal and spatial distribution;  European Fine Grid Numerical Products(EFGNPs);  forecast verification
分类号:
P425.5+2
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000716
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
焚风是一种特殊的山地气候现象,是由地形造成的高温、低湿的强下坡风,在天山北坡乌鲁木齐及其周边地区频繁发生。焚风影响飞机起降、陆路运输,对建筑设施以及当地人民生命财产安全有着潜在威胁,并且在重污染天气的形成过程中起重要作用。目前对中天山北坡的焚风研究,多局限于乌鲁木齐焚风天气个例的分析,对焚风的时空分布特征的认识不够细致深入,对焚风的形成机理依然缺乏全面系统的认识。本研究采用2018—2020年中天山北坡9个气象站逐时风速风向资料、欧洲细网格数值预报产品,分析乌鲁木齐及其周边焚风的时空分布特征,并检验了欧洲细网格数值预报产品对焚风最大风速的预报效果。结果表明:(1)近3年乌鲁木齐南郊乌拉泊出现大于等于17.00 m·s-1的焚风1213时次,其次是西郊八钢(480时次)、峡谷内部柴窝堡(329时次)和乌鲁木齐市区(101时次)。焚风着陆点春季偏向南郊乌拉泊以北地区,冬季则偏向其以南地区;(2)上述4站平均瞬时风速由大到小依次为乌拉泊21.24 m·s-1、八钢20.21 m·s-1、乌鲁木齐19.61 m·s-1、柴窝堡18.36 m·s-1。秋季八钢平均风速大于乌拉泊。4个站点出现东东南(ESE)风向频率最高;(3)近3年焚风天气过程共发生27次,其中春季发生14次(51.85%)、冬季7次(25.93%)、秋季6次(22.22%);(4)与南郊乌拉泊相比,乌鲁木齐市区焚风过程持续时间相对较短;(5)欧洲细网格10 m风场预报产品对八钢、乌鲁木齐、乌拉泊焚风最大风速的预报相关性较高,相关系数均达0.80以上,但预报偏差较大; 欧洲细网格850 hPa风场预报产品对八钢、乌鲁木齐、乌拉泊焚风最大风速预报偏差较小。本研究可为中天山北坡焚风天气监测预警提供科技支撑。
Abstract:
Foehn is a peculiar climate phenomenon occurring in mountainous areas, usually accompanied by precipitous increase in temperature and decrease in humidity at same time. It is believed topography is responsible for foehn wind occurrences. In Urumqi with undulating surrounding areas on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains of China, foehn wind has been haunted. Foehn wind not only directly does inflicting huge damages to construction local facilities, seriously interfering aircraft take-off and landing, and land transportation, even threatening people's lives and property safety, etc., but also worsen air quality in winter. The terrible air quality in winter in Urumqi is the product of foehn wind. Past investigations into the foehn wind on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains was conducted on an individual case basis, scarcely involving with the tempo-spatial distribution of foehn wind. There was a serious lack of comprehensive and systematic knowledge of the foehn wind in Urumqi.
In this study, the temporal and spatial characteristics of the foehn winds above 17.00 m·s-1was investigated on the north slope of Tianshan Mountains of China, and a comparison on the prediction ability of European Fine Grid Numerical Products(EFGNPs)were performed based on hourly wind speed and wind direction observation data at 9 automatic stations and numerical prediction product of European Centre Fine Grid Model during 2018-2020.
The following results are listed:(1)The hourly occurrences of foehn wind at Wulabai, Bagang, Chaiwopu and Urumqi urban area were 1213, 480, 329 and 10, respectively. The foehn winds prefered to land at the north of Wulabai station in spring but at the south of it in winter.(2)The average instantaneous wind speeds of the above four stations were 21.24 m·s-1 at Wulabai, 20.21 m·s-1 at Bagang, 19.61 m·s-1 at Urumqi and 18.36 m·s-1 at Chaiwopu from high to low. The frequency of east southeast(ESE)wind direction in the four stations was the highest. The foehn at Bagang was stronger than that at Wulabai in autumn.(3)The weather processes of foehn wind occurred 27 times in total, including 14 in spring(51.85%), 7 in winter(25.93%)and 6 in autumn(22.22%).(4)The duration of the foehn process at Urumqi station was relatively short compared with the southern suburb of Wulabai. The maximum forecast values of EFGNPs of 10 m wind field had a high correlation to the maximum observed wind speed of the foehn at Bagang, Urumqi and Wulabai, with correlation coefficients above 0.80. The maximum forecast values of the foehn based on EFGNPs 850 hPa wind field had a small deviation compared with the observed maximum values at Bagang, Urumqi and Wulabai. This study can provide scientific and technological support for the monitoring and early warning of foehn weather on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date):2022-02-22; 改回日期(Accepted date): 2022-12-01
基金项目(Foundation item): 中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2017013); 国家自然科学基金(42205010); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(IDM2020001)。[China Desert Meteorological Science Research Foundation(Sqj2017013); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42205010); Special Foundation Project for Basic Research Business Fees of Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(IDM2020001)]
作者简介(Biography): 毛姈·阿依提看(1988-),女,新疆阿勒泰人,硕士,助理研究员,主要研究方向:天气气候变化。[AYTKAN Maulen(1988-), female, born in Altay, Xinjiang province, M.Sc., research assistant, research on climate change] E-mail: 271768198@qq.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author): 李霞(1969-),女,博士,研究员,主要研究方向:大气环境和天气。[LI Xia(1969-), female, Ph.D., professor, specialized in atmospheric environment and weather research] E-mail: susannaryy@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2022-12-30