[1]徐马强,庞文龙*,张 震,等.三江源地区近地表土壤冻融时空变化[J].山地学报,2024,(3):347-358.[doi:10.11821/dlxb202312009 ]
　XU Maqiang,PANG Wenlong*,ZHANG Zhen,et al.Spatio-Temporal Variation of Freezing-Thawing State of Near Surface Soil in the Three-Rivers Headwater Region of Tibetan Plateau, China[J].Mountain Research,2024,(3):347-358.[doi:10.11821/dlxb202312009 ]
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三江源地区近地表土壤冻融时空变化
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2024年第3期
页码:
347-358
栏目:
山地环境
出版日期:
2024-07-28

文章信息/Info

Title:
Spatio-Temporal Variation of Freezing-Thawing State of Near Surface Soil in the Three-Rivers Headwater Region of Tibetan Plateau, China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2024)3-347-12
作者:
徐马强1; 庞文龙1*; 张 震1; 刘春霖1; 张乐乐2;  3
(1. 中国地质调查局西宁自然资源综合调查中心,西宁 810000; 2.青海师范大学 a.地理科学学院; b.青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,西宁 810008; 3. 高原科学与可持续发展研究院,西宁 810008)
Author(s):
XU Maqiang1;  PANG Wenlong1*;  ZHANG Zhen1;  LIU Chunlin1;  ZHANG Lele2; 3
(1. Xining Center of Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey, China Geological Survey, Xining 810000, China; 2. a. College of Geographical Science; b. Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China; 3. Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Xining 810008, China)
关键词:
三江源;  ERA5-Land;  土壤冻融;  时空变化
Keywords:
the Three-Rivers Headwater region;  ERA5-Land;  soil freezing-thawing;  spatio-temporal change
分类号:
K903
DOI:
10.11821/dlxb202312009
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
近地表土壤冻融过程影响土壤和大气之间的水分与能量交换,研究其动态变化对揭示多年冻土退化过程具有重要意义。受限于高海拔地区地表观测数据的获取,过去多关注多年冻土区土壤冻融水热运移特征,缺乏对土壤冻融长期变化趋势及其时空变化特征的研究。青海三江源地区是青藏高原多年冻土分布区,是全球气候变化的敏感区和关键带。本文基于野外观测数据评估ERA5-Land地温数据的精度,分析1980—2021年三江源地区近地表土壤冻融时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)ERA5-Land表层土壤温度数据与国家气象局23个站点观测数据的相关系数均值为0.94,均方根误差均值为4.49 ℃; 与6个活动层站点观测数据的相关系数均值为0.96,均方根误差均值为2.57 ℃,能够满足三江源地区土壤冻融时空变化研究要求。(2)三江源地区地表土壤温度年均值、春季、夏季、秋季和冬季空间分布均表现为东部高、西部低; 近地表土壤温度夏季增幅最大,秋季增幅最小,春季、夏季增幅整体高于秋季、冬季。(3)1980—2021年三江源地区冻结天数和冻结持续时间呈现显著减少趋势,减小幅度分别为4.99 d/10a和6.77 d/10a; 冻结起始时间推迟,变化幅度为3.43 d/10a; 冻结结束时间提前,变化幅度为3.35 d/10a。(4)三江源地区西部高海拔地区植被覆盖度远低于东部低海拔区,这可能是造成三江源地区低海拔区域冻结天数减小幅度明显低于高海拔区域的一个重要原因。本研究利用ERA5-Land数据填补了三江源地区土壤冻融时空变化的宏观认识,可为进一步准确认识三江源地区多年冻土空间退化特征提供参考。
Abstract:
Freezing-thawing process of near-surface soil comprises the exchange of moisture and energy between soil and atmosphere, whose dynamic change could be used for scientific interpretation of degradation in permafrost. Possibly restricted by the acquisition of surface observation data in high-altitude plateau areas of China, more scientific efforts were made to reveal the characteristics of soil thermal-hydrological transporting in the midst of freezing-thawing in permafrost, but attentionally neglected the long-term change trend of soil freezing-thawing and associated spatio-temporal change.
The Three-Rivers Headwater Region in the Tibetan Plateau of China was extensively occupied by perennial permafrost, which is a climate-sensitive area and critical zone for global climate change.
In this study, it collected field observations at 23 national meteorological stations in the Three-Rivers Headwater Region and at other 6 stations set in active layer of permafrost for examination of the accuracy of ERA5-Land ground temperature data; then it analyzed the change of soil freezing-thawing from 1980 to 2021 and associated spatio-temporal change.
(1)The average value of correlation coefficient between ERA5-Land surface soil temperature data and the observed data by 23 meteorological stations was 0.94, with a mean value of the mean-root-square error was 4.49 ℃. The average value of correlation coefficient between ERA5-Land surface soil temperature data and the data collected at other 6 stations set in active layer of permafrost was 0.96, with a mean value of the mean-root-square error was 2.57 ℃. The data from ERA5-Land could meet research requirements for evaluating of soil freezing-thawing changes in theThree-Rivers Headwater region.
(2)The spatial distribution of annual mean temperatures of surface soil over a year was high in the east and low in the west in the Three-Rivers Headwater region; near-surface soil temperatures increased the most in the summer and the least in the fall, with overall higher increases in the spring and summer than in the fall and winter.
(3)From 1980 to 2021, the number of freezing days and freezing duration in theThree-Rivers Headwater region had a significant decreasing trend, with a rate of 4.99 d/10a and 6.77 d/10a, respectively. The start of freezing was delayed, with a rate of 3.43 d/10a; the end of freezing was advanced, with a rate of 3.35 d/10a.
(4)The vegetation coverage in the western high-altitude area of theThree-Rivers Headwater region was much lower than that in the eastern low-altitude area, which may be an key reason for the decrease of freezing days in the low-altitude area was lower than that in the high-altitude area.
This study introduced a general knowledge of the spatio-temporal changes of topsoil freezing-thawing in theThree-Rivers Headwater region by application of ERA5-Land data, which provides an insight into the spatial degradation characteristics of permafrost in the Tibetan Plateau.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date): 2022- 09-13; 改回日期(Accepted date): 2024- 01-19
基金项目(Foundation item): 中国地质调查局地质调査项目(ZD20220223)。[Project of China Geological Survey(ZD20220223)]
作者简介(Biography): 徐马强(1994-),男,甘肃陇南人,本科,工程师,主要研究方向:环境遥感。[XU Maqiang(1994-), male, born in Longnan, Gansu province, B.S., engineer, research on natural resource survey] E-mail: 651110732@qq.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author): 庞文龙(1989-),男,硕士研究生,高级工程师,主要研究方向:生态修复、自然资源综合观测。[PANG Wenlong(1989-), M.Sc. candidate, male, senior engineer, research on ecological restoration and natural resource survey] E-mail: pwl01306320@126.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2024-05-30