[1]孔应德,郭晓军,邹 强,等.汶川县古溪沟“7?10”泥石流形成特征及防治工程的影响[J].山地学报,2014,(03):320.
　KONG Yingde,GUO Xiaojun,ZOU Qiang,et al.Giant Debris Flow Hazards in Guxi Gully，Wenchuan County of China on July 10，2013[J].Mountain Research,2014,(03):320.
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汶川县古溪沟“7?10”泥石流形成特征及防治工程的影响()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2014年03期
页码:
320
栏目:
山地灾害
出版日期:
2014-03-01

文章信息/Info

Title:
Giant Debris Flow Hazards in Guxi Gully，Wenchuan County of China on July 10，2013
作者:
孔应德; 郭晓军; 邹 强; 曾 超; 严 炎
1. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所/中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室，四川 成都 610041；
2. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049
Author(s):
KONG Yingde; GUO Xiaojun; ZOU Qiang; ZENG Chao; YAN Yan（326）
1. Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Progress/Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment，CAS，Chengdu 610041 China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing100049，China
关键词:
泥石流成因; 形成特征; 拦挡坝; 古溪沟
Keywords:
formation; development process; prevention engineering; Guxi gully
分类号:
P642.23
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
通过对2013-07-10汶川古溪沟泥石流灾害的现场调查，从物源、地形和水源条件入手，分析了灾害成因与形成演化过程。堰塞体失稳补给、坡面泥石流入汇和沟道侵蚀是这场泥石流的三种物源形式，充沛的前期降雨和短历时强降雨是本次泥石流的诱发因素，陡峻的支沟地形促进了泥石流的加速，沿途松散物质补给，导致泥石流流量不断放大，峰值流量最大可达1 063 m3/s。主支沟泥石流呈明显的阵流特征，原因在于各支沟泥石流起动条件不同，沟道中地形条件的差异和防治工程的分布，以及各支沟汇流长度存在区别。泥石流总规模约为100×104 m3，防治工程拦挡了60%的泥石流体，并拦截了泥石流中的大石块，降低了出口峰值流量和流速，同时避免了各条支沟泥石流同时到达而流量激增。沟口泥石流峰值流量约为722 m3/s，约40×104 m3泥石流冲出沟口，下游泥石流破坏形式以淤埋破坏为主。本研究可为此类面积较大、修建有防治工程的流域泥石流形成和减灾提供参考。
Abstract:
The formation and evolvement process of debris flow on July 10，2013 was analyzed based on the field investigation on the material sources，rainfall，and topography conditions. The solid material sources supplying debris flows by failure of debris dams，which were formed by landslides and collapses induced by“ 5·12 ”Wenchuan Earthquake，slope debris flows，and bed material initiation. Plentiful antecedent precipitation and strong rainfall intensity were the inducing factors. The debris flow velocity was accelerated and peak discharge was amplified along the channel because of the steep channel gradient and solid materials supplying along the branch gullies. The peak discharges was 1 063 m3/s. The debris flow is discontinuouscharacterized for surges lasting for 6 h，because of the variation of initiation time in branch gullies，the different topography and distribution of dams，and also due to the concentration processes. The total amount is about 100×104 m3 but only 40% of them were deposit as a debris flow fan. The discharge，velocity and the impact force were decreased because of the effect of prevention engineering，therefore partly relieving the disasters. The study can contribute to formation and disaster reduction research in the comparative big basins，especially with the prevention engineering.

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相似文献/References:

[1]魏永明.1991年北京北部山区泥石流成因及防灾对策[J].山地学报,1993,(03):187.
[2]胡凯衡,葛永刚,崔鹏,等.对甘肃舟曲特大泥石流灾害的初步认识[J].山地学报,2010,(05):628.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date)：2013-10-30；修回日期（Accepted）：2013-12-14。
基金项目（Foundation item）：中科院重点部署项目（KZZD-EW-05-01-02）和国家自然科学基金(Y4K1080080)。 [Supported by Key Deployment Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences) (Grant No. KZZD-EW-05-01) and National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. Y4K1080080) .]
作者简介（Biography）：孔应德(1989－), 男, 浙江金华人，硕士研究生, 主要从事山地灾害研究。 [Kong Yingde (1989-), male, born in Jinhua of Zhejiang, mainly engaged in debris flow.] E-mail: kongyd1989@gmail.com
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01