[1]李文鑫,王兆印,王旭昭,等.汶川地震引发的次生山地灾害链及人工断链效果——以小岗剑泥石流沟为例[J].山地学报,2014,(03):336.
　LI Wenxin,WANG Zhaoyin,WANG Xuzhao,et al.Secondary Mountain Disaster Chain Induced by the Wenchuan Earthquakeand the Result of Chaincutting Engineering in the Xiaogangjian Gully[J].Mountain Research,2014,(03):336.
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汶川地震引发的次生山地灾害链及人工断链效果——以小岗剑泥石流沟为例()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2014年03期
页码:
336
栏目:
山地灾害
出版日期:
2014-03-01

文章信息/Info

Title:
Secondary Mountain Disaster Chain Induced by the Wenchuan Earthquakeand the Result of Chaincutting Engineering in the Xiaogangjian Gully
作者:
李文鑫; 王兆印; 王旭昭; 漆力健; 何晓燕
1.中国地质大学，湖北 武汉 430074；
2. 甘肃煤炭地质勘查院，甘肃 兰州 730000；
3. 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室，北京 100084；
4. 北京矿产地质研究院，北京 100012；
5. 四川农业大学水利与建筑工程系，四川 雅安 625014；
6. 中国水利水电科学研究院，北京 100038
Author(s):
LI Wenxin; WANG Zhaoyin; WANG Xuzhao; QI Lijian; HE Xiaoyan（344）
1. China University of Geosciences，Wuhan 430074，China；
2. Gansu Provincial Coal Geological Exploration Institute, Lanzhou 730000, China；
3. State Key Laboratory of HydroScience and Engineering，Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084，China；
4. Beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources，Beijing 100012，China；
5. Sichuan Agricultural University，Ya’an 625014，China；
6. China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research，Beijing 100038，China
关键词:
汶川地震; 次生灾害链; 泥石流治理; 阶梯-深潭
Keywords:
Wenchuan earthquake; disaster chain; control work; steppool system
分类号:
P694，X43
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
汶川地震后，小岗剑沟由于滑坡、崩塌产生了大量松散物质，其地势陡峻，暴雨频率高，2009—2011年连续暴发10场泥石流，损毁公路，规模大时会堰塞绵远河，形成以频发性泥石流为主的典型地震次生山地灾害链。2012年完成泥石流治理工程，同年8月小岗剑沟再次发生泥石流，破坏了部分工程。以小岗剑沟为例，通过整理现场采集的图片和数据，并对比以往资料，研究次生山地灾害链链式反应过程以及经过工程治理后的灾害链人工断链效果。研究表明：小岗剑沟频发型次生灾害链的衰减不仅体现在引起下一级次生灾害的土石方量逐级减小上，而且体现在随时间变化的灾害激发条件提高上；虽然泥石流发生条件提高，但由于泥石流沟沟床不断被切深，小岗剑沟危险性随着可动势能增大而逐年增大，人工断链失败后，沟床再次下切，建议使用阶梯-深潭结构增加沟道阻力，保护沟道底部，避免可动势能继续增大；对比小岗剑沟、文家沟和红椿沟泥石流治理工程，发现灾害链总能量与投资正相关，要根据灾害能量进行合理投资，当能量到达一定量时，单位能量所需要的投资大幅度降低。
Abstract:
There were a great mass of collapse and landslide induced by Wenchuan earthquake in Xiaogangjian gully of Sichuan,China which had an average longitudinal slope of 412‰. Then，the frequent rainstorms had leaded to 10 debris flows between 2009 and 2011 Following collapse and landslide，debris flows that buried the highway and blocked the Mianyuan River，quake lake，disasters occurred frequently，resulting in a secondary disaster chain. Chaincutting engineerings finished before rainy reason were destroyed partly by debris flow occurred in August，2012. Field investigation combined with former materials studied the processes and characteristics of the secondary disasters and the result of chaincutting engineerings in Xiaogangjian gully，finally come to some conclusions and recommendations. 1. The attenuation factor of occurred frequently disaster chain is not only reflected in the volume of mass movement or affected area decreasing episode by episode，but also，as time goes on，in the disaster excitation condition improving. 2. However，Xiaogangjian gully becomes more dangerous with the dynamic potential energy increasing due to the bed scoured down in the process of debris flow by years，especially after the failure of chaincutting engineerings. Artificial steppool system is suggested to enhance the resistance to the flow and protect the gully bed from erosion. 3. Reasonable Investment，a key element for chaincutting project，based on the comparison of the prevention engineerings in Xiaogangjian gully，Wenjiagou gully and Hongchungou gully，increases as the total potential energy of disaster chain is larger. The investment needed for unit energy decreases dramatically when the total potential energy is large enough.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date)：2013-06-08；改回日期(Accepted): 2013-07-03。
基金项目（Foundation item）：国家科技支撑计划（2012BAK10B03）;国家自然科学基金（51179089）。[This research is supported by National Key Technology R & D Program(2012BAK10B03);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51179089).]
作者简介（Biography）：李文鑫（1990-），男，山西阳泉人，助理工程师，专业为地质工程。[ Li Wenxin, male, born in 1990, Yangquan of Shanxi province, bachelor, assistant engineer, major in geology engineering.] *
通信作者（Corresponding author）：王兆印（1951-），男，山东济南人，教授，主要从事河流动力学及河流生态学研究。[ Wang Zhaoyin,male,born in 1951,Jinan of Shandong Province,doctor, professor, mainly engaged in river dynamics and ecology.] E-mail: zywang@ tsinghua.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01