[1]张丽娜a,魏学琼a*,蒲 阳a,等.近千年乡村聚落的空间演变过程及其影响因素——以浙西南地区龙泉市为例[J].山地学报,2026,(1):117-133.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000951]
　ZHANG Linaa,WEI Xueqionga*,PU Yanga,et al.Spatial Evolution Process and Influencing Factors of Rural Settlements over the Past Millennium: A Case Study of Longquan City in Southwestern Zhejiang, China[J].Mountain Research,2026,(1):117-133.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000951]
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近千年乡村聚落的空间演变过程及其影响因素——以浙西南地区龙泉市为例()

《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2026年第1期
页码:
117-133
栏目:
山区发展
出版日期:
2026-02-20

文章信息/Info

Title:
Spatial Evolution Process and Influencing Factors of Rural Settlements over the Past Millennium: A Case Study of Longquan City in Southwestern Zhejiang, China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2026)1-117-17
作者:
张丽娜a; 魏学琼a*; 蒲 阳a; 李蓓蓓b
(南京信息工程大学a. 地理科学学院; b.科学技术史研究院,南京210044)
Author(s):
ZHANG Linaa;  WEI Xueqionga*;  PU Yanga;  LI Beibeib
(a. School of Geographical Sciences; b. Institute for History of Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)
关键词:
乡村聚落;  时空演变;  影响因素;  近千年;  龙泉市
Keywords:
rural settlements;  spatiotemporal evolution pattern;  influencing factors;  past millennium;  Longquan City
分类号:
K901.8
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000951
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
乡村聚落时空演化格局反映历史时期人地关系演变与土地开垦进程。在地形复杂、生态敏感的山区,开展乡村聚落定量重建研究,对于深化山地人居环境演变规律认知、优化国土空间开发保护格局具有重要科学价值。然而,前期长时间序列的乡村聚落时空格局重建研究存在数据源单一、空间精度不足等问题,制约了重建成果的可靠性与应用价值。本研究以浙西南地区龙泉市为例,综合利用地方志、地名志、历史地图和地名网站等多源数据,重建宋代以前至1980年间龙泉市乡村聚落时空分布格局,并采用平均最近邻分析、核密度估计和土地适宜性评价方法揭示其演变特征及影响因素。结果表明:(1)近千年龙泉市乡村聚落点新增数量增长受阶段性外来人口迁入影响显著;(2)乡村聚落空间分布由聚集型逐步向随机型演变,格局形态由沿河干流单核集中发展转变为全流域多核轴带发展,反映了长时间尺度乡村聚落空间演变特征;(3)在人多地少的背景下,乡村聚落在自然条件优越地区持续提高密度的同时,也在逐步向自然条件不利地区扩展,体现了山区乡村聚落由自然约束主导向自然和人文综合调控转变的趋势。本研究运用的多源数据融合方法具有较强的适用性和可迁移性,可以为山地乡村聚落长时间尺度演变研究提供方法参考。
Abstract:
The spatiotemporal evolution of rural settlements reflects the historical changes in human-environment relationships and the process of land reclamation. In mountainous regions characterized by complex terrain and ecological sensitivity, conducting quantitative reconstruction research on rural settlements holds significant scientific value for deepening the understanding of the evolution patterns of human settlements in mountainous areas and optimizing the development and protection patterns of national territorial space. However, previous studies on long-term sequence reconstruction of rural settlements spatiotemporal patterns had been constrained by issues such as single data sources and insufficient spatial accuracy, which limit the reliability and application value of reconstruction results.
This study took Longquan City in southwest Zhejiang Province, China as a case study. By comprehensively utilizing multi-source data including local chronicles, place name records, historical maps, and online place name databases, it reconstructed the spatiotemporal distribution pattern of rural settlements in Longquan City from the pre-Song Dynasty period to 1980. Methods such as Average Nearest Neighbor Analysis, Kernel Density Estimation, and Land Suitability Evaluation were employed to reveal its evolutionary characteristics and influencing factors.
(1)This research found that the increase in the number of newly established rural settlement sites in Longquan City over the past millennium had been significantly influenced by periodic in- immigration from external populations.
(2)The spatial distribution of rural settlements gradually evolved from a clustered pattern to a near-random pattern, with settlement morphology shifting from a single-core concentration along main rivers to a multi-core axial/belt development across the entire watershed, reflecting the characteristics of long-term rural settlement spatial evolution.
(3)Against the backdrop of population pressure and limited land resources, while the density of rural settlements continued to increase in areas with advantageous natural conditions, they also gradually expanded into regions with less favorable natural conditions, demonstrating a trend of transition from being primarily constrained by natural factors to being comprehensively regulated by both natural and human factors in mountainous regions.
The multi-source data fusion method employed in this study demonstrates strong applicability and transferability, and can provide a methodological reference for research on the long-term evolution of rural settlements in mountainous areas.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date): 2025- 06- 03; 改回日期(Accepted date):2026- 01-24
基金项目(Foundation item): 国家重点研发计划(2019YFC0507801)。[National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC0507801)]
作者简介(Biography): 张丽娜(2000-),女,山东青州人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:乡村聚落。[ZHANG Lina(2000-), female, born in Qingzhou, Shandong Province, M.Sc. candidate, research on rural settlements] E-mail: zlinad@nuist.edu.cn
*通讯作者(Corresponding author): 魏学琼(1988-),女,博士,副教授,主要研究方向:历史土地利用。[WEI Xueqiong(1988-), female, Ph,D., associate professor, research on historical land use/cover change] E-mail: xueqiong.wei@nuist.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-01-30