[1]尹 静,张 博*,富志鹏,等.青藏公路格尔木至那曲段路域水体连通性演变及其距离阈值[J].山地学报,2025,(2):303-320.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000894]
　YIN Jing,ZHANG Bo*,FU Zhipeng,et al.Evolution of Waterbody Connectivity in Road-Effect Zone and Its Distance Threshold along the Golmud-Nagqu Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, China[J].Mountain Research,2025,(2):303-320.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000894]
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青藏公路格尔木至那曲段路域水体连通性演变及其距离阈值()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2025年第2期
页码:
303-320
栏目:
山区发展
出版日期:
2025-06-25

文章信息/Info

Title:
Evolution of Waterbody Connectivity in Road-Effect Zone and Its Distance Threshold along the Golmud-Nagqu Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2025)2-303-18
作者:
尹 静; 张 博*; 富志鹏; 单永体; 张梦利
(1.极端环境绿色长寿道路工程全国重点实验室,西安 710075; 2.中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,西安 710075)
Author(s):
YIN Jing;  ZHANG Bo*;  FU Zhipeng;  SHAN Yongti;  ZHANG Mengli
(1.National Key Laboratory of Green and Long-Life Road Engineering in Extreme Environment, Xi'an 710075, China; 2.CCCC First Highway Consultants Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710075,China)
关键词:
水体连通性;  水体判识提取;  演变;  距离阈值;  青藏公路;  格尔木至那曲段
Keywords:
water connectivity;  watershed extraction;  evolution pattern;  distance threshold;  the Qinghai-Tibet Highway;  the Golmud-Nagqu section
分类号:
X22
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000894
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
交通基础设施作为典型的人工干扰系统,其建设运营对高原高寒脆弱区路域水文生态及水体连通性构成显著影响。量化道路沿线水体连通性演变规律及生态影响阈值,是道路生态学领域亟待突破的关键科学问题。本研究以青藏公路格尔木至那曲段(格那段)交通廊道为典型研究区,构建了基于谷歌地球引擎(Google Earth Engine)云平台的自动化水体判识模型,集成增强植被指数(Enhanced Vegetation Index,EVI)、修正的归一化差异水体指数(Modified Normalized Difference Water Index,MNDWI)与大津算法(Otsu's Method),生成1990—2020年连续时间序列水体分布数据集,系统解析12个路域水体连通性的时空演变特征,并基于道路存在/缺失情景模拟,定量识别交通建设对水体网络连通性的干扰阈值。研究表明:(1)该模型实现了高原复杂地表覆盖场景下的精细化水体信息提取,总体提取精度达85%以上(Kappa系数>0.8),但受限于空间分辨率,对细小水体识别存在局限。(2)1990—2020年路域水体结构连通性呈现显著时空分异特征; 1990—2000年结构连通性整体相对降低,而2000—2020年逐渐增加; 功能连通性指标(Integral Index of Connectivity, IIC与Probability of Connectivity, PC)随距离阈值增加而增强,2020年达峰值,反映生态恢复成效显著。(3)道路建设对水体结构连通性集中于道路缓冲带1000 m范围内,其中0～500 m为核心影响区; 不同路段阈值差异显著(高寒荒漠段达1000 m,山地段为500 m)。(4)青藏公路格那段水体功能连通性的适宜缓冲区距离阈值为500～1000 m,该范围内水体斑块重要性指数(IIC值>0.2)集中分布于楚玛尔河与那曲河流域,2020年高连通性斑块面积达280.85 km2(占比35.22%)。研究认为,青藏公路交通规划需避让核心水体斑块,当道路距水体<500 m时应增设生态廊道(如涵洞、盲沟)以缓解阻隔效应; 500～1000 m 区间需结合生态分区制定差异化保护策略。此研究可以为青藏公路走廊基于水系连通的公路生态选线及生态环境保护提供依据。
Abstract:
As a typical artificial disturbance system, the construction and operation of transportation infrastructure have a significant impact on hydrological ecology and waterbody connectivity in the road-effect zone of fragile alpine-cold regions. Quantifying the spatiotemporal evolution of waterbody connectivity along roadways and ecological impact thresholds along traffic corridors remained a critical scientific challenge in road ecology.
In this study it aimed at a case study of waterbody connectivity along the traffic corridor of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway at the Golmud-Nagqu section. An automated waterbody identification model was established using the Google Earth Engine(GEE)cloud platform, integrating the Enhanced Vegetation Index(EVI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index(MNDWI), and Otsu's Method. A continuous time-series dataset of waterbody distribution from 1990 to 2020 was generated and twelve water connectivity indices were systematically analyzed using Fragstats and Conefor software to reveal spatiotemporal patterns, and a scenario simulation(with/without roads)was conducted to quantify the disturbance threshold of traffic infrastructure on hydrological connectivity.
Key findings include:(1)The model achieved high-precision watershed extraction in complex alpine landscapes, with an overall accuracy exceeding 85%(Kappa coefficient > 0.8). However, limitations in spatial resolution constrained its ability to delineate small water bodies.
(2)From 1990 to 2000, structural connectivity of road-affected waterbodies exhibited pronounced spatiotemporal heterogeneity: a declining trend during 1990-2000 but followed by gradual recovery from 2000 to 2020. Functional connectivity metrics(Integral Index of Connectivity, IIC, and Probability of Connectivity, PC)increased with distances to roadway, peaking in 2020, indicating ecological restoration progress.
(3)Road construction primarily disrupted structural connectivity of hydrology within a 1000 m buffer zone from roadway, with the 0-500 m range as the core impact area. Thresholds varied significantly by terrain(1000 m for alpine desert sections vs. 500 m for mountainous sections).
(4)The optimal buffer distance from roadway for functional connectivity protection along the Golmud-Nagqu section was identified as 500-1000 m, where water patches with high importance indices(IIC>0.2)clustered in the Chumar River and Naqu River basins, covering 280.85 km2(35.22% of the total area)in 2020.
The study recommends avoiding core waterbody zones during the Qinghai-Tibet Highway planning, installing ecological corridors(e.g., culverts, blind ditches)in case of roads being within 500 m of waterbodies, and implementing zone-specific conservation strategies for the 500-1000 m buffer threshold.
These findings provide a scientific basis for eco-friendly highway alignment and biodiversity conservation along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway corridor.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date): 2025- 01- 05; 改回日期(Accepted date):2025- 04-21
基金项目(Foundation item): 国家重点研发计划(2021YFB2600103)。[National Key Research and Development Program Project(2021YFB2600103)]
作者简介(Biography): 尹静(1989-), 女,山西阳泉人,硕士, 正高级工程师,主要研究方向:公路环境保护及生态修复。[YIN Jing(1989-), female, born in Yangquan, Shanxi Province, M.Sc., professor of engineering, research on highway environmental protection and ecological restoration] E-mail:532281966@qq.com
*通讯作者(Corresponding author): 张博(1981-),男,硕士,正高级工程师,主要研究方向:公路环境保护。[ZHANG Bo(1981-), male, M.Sc., professor of engineering, research on highway environmental protection] E-mail:11016865@qq.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-03-30