[1]吴昌杰,马黎华*,王小燕,等.外源增碳对坡耕地侵蚀及沉积物C、N富集的影响[J].山地学报,2025,(5):657-671.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000920]
　WU Changjie,MA Lihua*,WANG Xiaoyan,et al.Effects of Exogenous Carbon Augmentation on Erosion and C, N Enrichment in Sediments of Sloping Farmland[J].Mountain Research,2025,(5):657-671.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000920]
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外源增碳对坡耕地侵蚀及沉积物C、N富集的影响()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2025年第5期
页码:
657-671
栏目:
山地环境
出版日期:
2025-12-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Effects of Exogenous Carbon Augmentation on Erosion and C, N Enrichment in Sediments of Sloping Farmland
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2025)5-657-15
作者:
吴昌杰1; 马黎华1*; 王小燕1; 梁 涛2; 陈新平1
(1. 西南大学 资源环境学院,重庆 400715; 2. 重庆市农业科学院, 重庆 401329)
Author(s):
WU Changjie1;  MA Lihua1*;  WANG Xiaoyan1;  LIANG Tao2;  CHEN Xinping1
(1. College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; 2. Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, China)
关键词:
增碳;  坡耕地;  生物炭;  腐殖酸;  碳氮富集;  作物生物量
Keywords:
carbon addition;  sloping-farmland;  biochar;  humic acid;  carbon &;  nitrogen enrichment;  crop biomass
分类号:
S157.1
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000920
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
外源增碳是提升坡耕地作物产量、改良土壤结构、减少水土流失的关键技术,但不同碳基材料对土壤固碳、结构改良与作物生长的耦合效应及侵蚀-沉积过程中碳氮富集的降雨梯度响应尚缺乏系统认知。本研究以典型玉米坡耕地为对象,设置单施化肥、有机肥+化肥、有机肥+化肥+生物炭、有机肥+化肥+腐殖酸四种处理,系统评估增碳措施对作物生长、水土流失及侵蚀-沉积物碳、氮富集的综合影响。结果表明:(1)增碳措施显著减少坡耕地径流与泥沙,径流量降低13.7%～53.2%,泥沙量降低32.7%～59.1%; 在不同降雨条件下,腐殖酸抑流效应略优于生物炭。(2)降雨强度调控侵蚀-沉积物碳、氮富集。大雨条件下沉积物总氮和有机碳平均浓度高于大暴雨; 总氮与有机碳在大雨时呈正富集,而大暴雨下转为负富集。(3)增碳措施显著提高玉米抽雄-成熟期地上、地下生物量及产量,生物炭增产效果优于腐殖酸; 作物截流减沙效应随生物量增加而增强,其中地下生物量对径流泥沙的消减贡献高于地上生物量。本研究可为坡耕地增碳技术优化及山地农业绿色高质量发展提供科学依据。
Abstract:
Exogenous carbon addition is increasingly regarded as a pivotal and promising technique for enhancing crop yield, improving soil structural stability, and reducing soil-water losses on sloping farmland. Despite its widespread application potential, a systematic and integrative understanding of how different types of carbon-based materials jointly influence soil carbon sequestration, soil structural enhancement, and crop growth remains insufficient. In particular, the mechanisms through which carbon amendments interact with rainfall gradients to regulate carbon and nitrogen enrichment during erosion-deposition processes are still poorly clarified, limiting the development of targeted and optimized carbon-addition practices for erosion-prone agricultural landscapes.
In this study, it took a typical maize-cultivated sloping-farmland as the study object, and four treatments were established: ①chemical fertilizer(NPK), ②organic manure + chemical fertilizer, ③organic manure + chemical fertilizer + biochar, and ④organic manure + chemical fertilizer + humic acid. The integrated effects of carbon addition on crop growth, runoff and sediment loss, and sediment carbon & nitrogen enrichment were evaluated.
(1)The results showed that: carbon addition significantly reduced runoff and sediment on slope farmland; runoff decreased by 13.7%-53.2% and sediment by 32.7%-59.1%. Under varying rainfall conditions, humic acid had a slightly better runoff-reduction effect than biochar did.
(2)Rainfall intensity regulated carbon & nitrogen enrichment in eroded sediment: under heavy-rain conditions the mean concentrations of total nitrogen and soil organic carbon in deposited sediment were higher than those under rainstorms; nitrogen and soil organic carbon showed positive enrichment in heavy rain but negative enrichment in rainstorms.
(3)Carbon addition significantly increased above/below-ground biomass and maize yield at the tasselling and maturity stages, with biochar outperforming humic acid in yield promotion. The crop-induced reduction in runoff and sediment increased with biomass; below-ground biomass contributed more to runoff and sediment reduction than above-ground biomass.
This study provides a scientific basis for optimizing carbon-addition technologies and for the green, high-quality development of mountainous agriculture.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date): 2024-12-31; 改回日期(Accepted date):2025- 09-25
基金项目(Foundation item): “十四五”国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1901404)[The 14th Five-Year National Key Research & Development Program of China(2022YFD1901404)]
作者简介(Biography): 吴昌杰(1998-),男,四川广汉人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:山地水土保持与土壤增碳。[WU Changjie(1998-), male, born in Guanghan, Sichuan Province, M.Sc. candidate, research on soil and water conservation] E-mail: wuchangjie123@yeah.net
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-10-20