[1]赵维俊,牛 赟*,成彩霞,等.祁连山典型流域季节冻土冻融状态时空变化及影响因素[J].山地学报,2025,(5):682-696.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000922]
　ZHAO Weijun,NIU Yun*,CHENG Caixia,et al.Spatiotemporal Changes and Driving Factors of Seasonal Freeze-Thaw in a Typical Catchment of the Qilian Mountains, China[J].Mountain Research,2025,(5):682-696.[doi:10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000922]
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祁连山典型流域季节冻土冻融状态时空变化及影响因素()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2025年第5期
页码:
682-696
栏目:
山地环境
出版日期:
2025-12-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Spatiotemporal Changes and Driving Factors of Seasonal Freeze-Thaw in a Typical Catchment of the Qilian Mountains, China
文章编号:
1008-2786-(2025)5-682-15
作者:
赵维俊1; 牛 赟2*; 成彩霞3; 邓楚妍2;  4; 许尔文1
(1.甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院, 甘肃祁连山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,甘肃 张掖 734000; 2.淮阴师范学院 地理科学与规划学院,江苏 淮安 223300; 3. 张掖市林业科学研究院,甘肃 张掖 734000; 4.高邮市三垛中学,江苏 扬州 225631))
Author(s):
ZHAO Weijun1;  NIU Yun2*;  CHENG Caixia3;  DENG Chuyan2;  4;  XU Erwen1
(1. Stute Positioning Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem of the Qilian Mountain,Gansu Province Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forest of the Qilian Mountains, Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China; 2. School of Geographic Science and Planning, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, China; 3. Zhangye Academy of Forestry,Zhangye 734000, Gansu, China; 4.Gaoyou Sanduo High School, Yangzhou 225631, Jiangsu, China)
关键词:
季节冻土;  冻融状态;  冻融期;  气候变化;  祁连山
Keywords:
seasonal permafrost;  freeze-thaw state;  freeze-thaw duration;  climate change;  the Qilian Mountains
分类号:
P642.14
DOI:
10.16089/j.cnki.1008-2786.000922
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
季节冻土是气候变化的敏感指示器,其冻融过程调控寒区水文节律与生态格局。祁连山作为中国西北干旱区重要生态屏障与水源涵养核心区,在全球变暖背景下,其季节冻土冻融过程的时空演变特征及驱动机制仍缺乏系统的实证数据支撑。本文基于祁连山典型流域2013—2020年15个冻土监测样地连续观测数据,系统解析季节冻土“最大冻结深度-冻结开始日期-完全融化日期-冻融期”四维核心指标的时空演变规律,并定量评估地理因子(海拔、经度、纬度)与气象因子(土壤温湿度、雪深、年均气温)对冻融状态的相对贡献。结果表明:(1)最大冻结深度总体以0.12 cm·a-1的速率递增,空间分布呈“中部深、边缘浅”的格局;(2)冻结开始日期与完全融化日期分别以0.89 d·a-1和2.45 d·a-1的速率呈提前趋势,冻融期延长0.79 d·a-1; 空间上,冻结开始日期集中于10月下旬至11月底,完全融化日期跨度近7个月,冻融期为160～324 d,样地间差异显著;(3)气温是驱动冻融状态变化的主导因子,地理因子次之,土壤湿度与雪深的影响非常小且未达显著水平。本研究为祁连山生态保护、寒区水资源管理及冻土工程适应性设计提供理论依据,亦为全球变化背景下高海拔山区冻土响应研究提供科学支撑。
Abstract:
Seasonal permafrost acts as a sensitive indicator of climate change, regulating hydrological processes and ecological patterns in cold regions. The Qilian Mountains, serving as an important ecological barrier and core water tower for the arid areas of north-western China, lacked systematic empirical data to support the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving mechanisms of freeze-thaw seasonal permafrost under global warming conditions.
In this study, it utilized continuous observational data from 15 permafrost monitoring plots in typical watersheds of the Qilian Mountains(2013—2020)to systematically analyze the spatiotemporal evolution law of four-dimensional core indicators of seasonal frozen ground: maximum freezing depth, freeze initiation date, complete thaw date, and freeze-thaw duration. It quantitatively evaluated the relative contribution of geographical factors(elevation, longitude, latitude)and meteorological factors(soil temperature and moisture, snow depth, annual mean temperature)on freeze-thaw states.
(1)The results show that maximum frost depth increased at a rate of 0.12 cm per year, with a spatial pattern of deeper values in the central area and shallower values at the margins.
(2)Freeze onset and complete thaw dates advanced by 0.89 and 2.45 days per year, respectively, lengthening the freeze-thaw period by 0.79 days per year; spatially, freeze onset concentrated between late October and late November, complete thaw spanned nearly seven months, and the freeze-thaw duration ranged from 160 to 324 days, with significant inter-site differences.
(3)Air temperature was the dominant driver of freeze-thaw changes, followed by geographical factors, while soil moisture and snow depth did not reach a significant level.
This study provides a theoretical basis for ecological conservation, water-resource management and permafrost engineering adaptation in the Qilian Mountains, and offers scientific support for understanding permafrost responses to global change in high-mountain environments.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date): 2025- 05-15; 改回日期(Accepted date):2025- 09-15
基金项目(Foundation item): 甘肃省科技计划项目(25JRRG028); 甘肃省重点研发项目(25YFFG004)。 [Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program(25JRRG028); Key Research and Development Program of Gansu Province(25YFFG004)]
作者简介(Biography): 赵维俊(1981-),男,甘肃靖远人,博士,研究员,主要研究方向:森林与土壤生态。[ZHAO Weijun(1981-), male, born in Jingyuan, Gansu Province, Ph.D., professor of engineering, research on forest and soil ecology] E-mail: zhaoweijun1019@126.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-10-20