[1]杜子银,蔡延江,王小丹,等.牦牛和藏绵羊粪便降解过程中的养分动态变化[J].山地学报,2014,(04):423.
　DU Ziyin,CAI Yanjiang,WANG Xiaodan,et al.Temporal Variation of Yak and Tibetan Sheep Dung Nutrients from an Alpine Steppe in Northern Tibet, China[J].Mountain Research,2014,(04):423.
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牦牛和藏绵羊粪便降解过程中的养分动态变化()
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《山地学报》[ISSN:1008-2186/CN:51-1516]

卷:
期数:
2014年04期
页码:
423
栏目:
青藏高原土壤
出版日期:
2014-04-01

文章信息/Info

Title:
Temporal Variation of Yak and Tibetan Sheep Dung Nutrients from an Alpine Steppe in Northern Tibet, China
作者:
杜子银; 蔡延江; 王小丹; 鲁旭阳; 鄢 燕; 马星星
1. 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室，中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所，四川 成都 610041；
2. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049
Author(s):
DU Ziyin;  CAI Yanjiang;  WANG Xiaodan;  LU Xuyang;  YAN Yan;  MA Xingxing
1. Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolvement and Regulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Chengdu 610041, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
关键词:
放牧草地; 牲畜粪便; 养分动态变化; 生态效应
Keywords:
grazed grasslands;  livestock dung;  dynamical changes of nutrients;  ecological effect
分类号:
S158.3，P962
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
放牧牲畜排泄物是青藏高原高寒草地生态系统的一种重要养分来源，对于维持草地土壤肥力和植被生产力具有重要意义。采用尼龙网袋法监测了两种主要放牧牲畜牦牛和藏绵羊粪便干物质量及主要养分含量在降解过程中随时间的动态变化特征。结果表明，牦牛和藏绵羊粪便在经过93 d的降解后，干物质量分别减少了30.9%和21.6%。到试验期末，牦牛粪便全碳和全氮含量显著降低，其值降至初始的81.8%和79.2%，而全磷和全钾的变化则不显著，表明碳氮减少量较磷和钾更为明显。藏绵羊粪便全碳和全钾含量在试验期末降至初始的87.7%和72.6%，差异具有极显著性，但全氮和全磷减少不显著。牲畜粪便在一个生长季内的降解和养分释放量较少可能使得其对土壤和植被产生的潜在生态环境效应具有滞后性。放牧过程中，牧民少量捡拾牲畜粪便用作生活资料将有利于维持高寒草地生态系统的养分平衡和可持续发展。
Abstract:
Grazing livestock excretain natural grasslandis regarded as animportant source of nutrientsfor alpine grassland ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which may play a critical role in maintaining soil fertility and vegetation productivity of grazed grassland. This paper monitored the temporal variation of dry matter and main nutrients of yak and Tibetan sheep dung by using the nylonmeshbagmethod. The results indicated that dry matter of yak and Tibetan sheep dung decreased by 30.9% and 21.6% after the decomposition of 93 days, respectively. Total carbon and total nitrogen contents of yak dung reduced to 81.8% and 79.2% of the initial values, respectively, while no significant differences were observed for the contents of total phosphorus and total potassiumbetween the initial and final sampling time, implying that the losses of total carbon and nitrogen of yak dung were more obvious than total phosphorus and potassium. Total carbon and total potassium contents of Tibetan sheep dung had dropped to 87.7% and 72.6%, respectively, but similar values were found for the initial and final contents of total phosphorus and total potassium. It can be concluded thatthe little decomposition and nutrients returns of livestock dung in one growing season may lead to series of potential ecological environment effects on soil and vegetation act as prominent hysteresis quality. We suggest that herders use livestock excrement as necessities timely and small quantity are beneficial to assure the nutrients balance and sustainable development of alpine pasture ecosystem.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期(Received date)：2013-12-27；改回日期(Accepted) : 2014-04-15。
基金项目（Foundation item）：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDB03030505）、国家自然科学
基金项目（41201235、41201096）和中科院成都山地所“一三五”项目（sds-135-1203-02）资助。\[Supported by "Strategic Priority Research Program"of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB03030505), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41201235, 41201096) and the 135 Strategic Program of the Institute of Mountain Hazards andEnvironment (sds-135-1203-02).\]
作者简介（Biography）：杜子银（1988-），男，重庆大足人，硕士研究生，主要从事高寒草地生态学研究。\[Du Ziyin, male, born in Dazu, Chongqing, specialized in alpine grassland ecology.\] E-mail: dzyimde@163.com *
通信作者(Author for correspondence)：王小丹（1973-），男，研究员。wxd@imde.ac.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01